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Pieter van den Broecke (25 February 1585, Antwerp - 1 December 1640, Strait of Malacca) was a Dutch cloth merchant in the service of the Dutch East India Company (VOC), and one of the first Dutchmen to taste coffee.〔(【引用サイトリンク】De VOCsite : handelsposten; Mocca )〕 He also went to Angola three times. He was one of the first Europeans to describe societies in West and Central Africa and in detail trade strategies along the African coast.〔(【引用サイトリンク】La Fleur, J.D., ed. Pieter Van Den Broecke's Journal of Voyages to Cape Verde, Guinea and Angola, 1605-1612 )〕 ==Life== His parents, Pieter van den Broecke Sr and Maiken de Morimont,〔(biografischportaal.nl )〕 lived in Antwerp but had to flee to Alkmaar due to Calvinist sympathies. The family lived in Hamburg for a while and left around 1597 for Amsterdam.〔(【引用サイトリンク】DBNL . J.G. Frederiks en F. Jos. van den Branden, Biographisch woordenboek der Noord- en Zuidnederlandsche letterkunde )〕 At the time the VOC began to develop, the younger Pieter joined it as a tradesman and climbed the career ladder. He became chief-tradesman and admiral. In 1611 he brought in a cargo of 65,000 pounds of ivory to Amsterdam, after capturing a Portuguese ship.〔(【引用サイトリンク】Pieter van den Broecke's Journal of Voyages to Cape Verde, Guinea and Angola (1605-1612). Edited by JAMES D. LA FLEUR. 2000. pp. xv + 139. 1 colour plate, 1 illustration, 7 maps. ISBN 0-904180-68-9 )〕 In 1614 he visited Mocha and drank "something hot and black, a coffee".〔 He was made the VOC's manager in Dutch Suratte. He described the Ethiopian slave Malik Ambar. From 1616 the establishment there blossomed, with new minor establishments being set up in the hinterland.,〔(【引用サイトリンク】De VOCsite : handelsposten; Suratte )〕 though in 1617 the ''Duyfken'', under his command, was wrecked on the Surat coast.〔(【引用サイトリンク】VOC bibliography )〕 He operated in Maritime Southeast Asia beside Jan Pieterszoon Coen and was present at the battle of Jakarta in 1619. Pieter van den Broecke took over from Coen as head of the Banda Islands. The islands were held to be important to trade due to their superior cloves and nutmeg, and so the Dutch were at that time enforcing a trade monopoly on the unwilling local population through drastic measures.〔(【引用サイトリンク】Een blik op het verleden - RADIO NEDERLAND WERELDOMROEP - NIEUWS )〕 So many inhabitants were killed on Banda that the island had to be deliberately repopulated. On his retirement he was honoured with a gold chain, which he wears in the portrait by his friend Frans Hals (now hanging in Kenwood House).〔(【引用サイトリンク】The City Museum )〕 His son was a ''perkenier'' (plantation owner) on the Banda Islands. Descendants of the Van den Broecke family continue to live on Banda.〔(The Jakarta Post )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Pieter van den Broecke」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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